Check out thottbot or other such resources if you need specific drop rates/mobs or zones for any given recipe/item.

Also, with the release of Wrath of the Lich King, Enchanters can now make scrolls to give to other players or place on the Auction House. You can grab the necessary Vellums from your friendly, neighborhood Scribe or grab them off the Auction House.

1-100
1 - 2
Runed Copper Rod (1 x Copper Rod, 1 x Strange Dust, 1 x Lesser Magic Essence) x 1
2 - 75
Enchant Bracer - Minor Health (1 x Strange Dust) x 74
75 - 85
Enchant Bracer - Minor Deflection (1 x Lesser Magic Essence, 1 x Strange Dust) x 10
85 - 100
Enchant Bracer - Minor Stamina (3 x Strange Dust) x 15

100-150
100 - 101
Runed Silver Rod (1 x Silver Rod, 6 x Strange Dust, 3 x Greater Magic Essence, 1 x Shadowgem) x 1
101 - 105
Enchant Bracer - Minor Stamina (3 x Strange Dust) x 5
105 - 120
Enchant Bracer - Minor Agility (2 x Strange Dust, 1 x Greater Magic Essence) x 15
120 - 130
Enchant Shield - Minor Stamina (1 x Lesser Astral Essence, 2 x Strange Dust) x 10
130 - 150
Enchant Bracer - Lesser Stamina (2 x Soul Dust) x 25

150-225
150 - 151
Runed Golden Rod (1 x Golden rod, 1 x Iridescent Pearl, 2 x Greater Astral Essence, 2 x Soul Dust) x 1
151 - 160
Enchant Bracer - Lesser Stamina (2 x Soul Dust) x 9
160 - 165
Enchant Shield - Lesser Stamina (1 x Lesser Mystic Essence, 1 x Soul Dust) x 5
165 - 180
Enchant Bracer - Spirit (1 x Lesser Mystic Essence) x 15
180 - 200
Enchant Bracer - Strength (1 x Vision Dust) x 20
200 - 201
Runed Truesilver Rod (1 x Truesilver Rod, 1 x Black Pearl, 2 x Greater Mystic Essence, 2 x Vision Dust) x 1
201 - 205
Enchant Bracer - Strength (1 x Vision Dust) x 4
205 - 225
Enchant Cloak - Greater Defense (3 x Vision Dust) x 20

225-300
225 - 235
Enchant Gloves - Agility (1 x Lesser Nether Essence, 1 x Vision Dust) x 10

235 - 245
Enchant Chest - Superior Health (6 x Vision Dust) x 10

245 - 250
Enchant Bracer - Greater Strength (2 x Dream Dust, 1 x Greater Nether Essence) x 5

250 - 270
Lesser Mana Oil (3 x Dream Dust, 2 x Purple Lotus, 1 x Crystal Vial) x 20

270 - 290
Enchant Boots: Greater Stamina (10 x Dream Dust) x 20

290 - 291
Runed Arcanite Rod (1 x Arcanite Rod, 1 x Golden Pearl, 10 x Illusion Dust, 4 x Greater Eternal Essence, 4 x Small Brilliant Shard, 2 x Large Brilliant Shard) x 1

291 - 300
Enchant Cloak - Superior Defense (8 x Illusion Dust) x 9

300-350
300 - 301
Runed Fel Iron Rod (1 x Fel Iron Rod, 4 x Greater Eternal Essence, 6 x Large Brilliant Shard, 1 x Runed Arcanite Rod) x 1
301 - 305
Enchant Cloak - Superior Defense (8 x Illusion Dust) x 7
305 - 315
Enchant Bracers - Assault or Brawn (6 x Arcane Dust) x 10
315 - 325
Enchant Cloak - Major Armour or Enchant Gloves - Assault (8 x Arcane Dust) x 10
325 - 335
Enchant Chest - Major Spirit (2 x Greater Planar Essence) x 10
335 - 340
Enchant Shield - Major Stamina (15 x Arcane Dust) x 5
340 - 345
Superior Wizard Oil (3 x Arcane Dust, 1 x Nightmare Vine, 1 x Imbued Vial) x 10
345 - 350
Enchant Gloves - Major Strength (12 x Arcane Dust, 1 x Greater Planar Essence) x 5

350-375
350 - 351
Runed Adamantite Rod (1 x Adamantite Rod, 8 x Greater Planar Essence, 8 x Large Prismatic Shard, 1 x Primal Might, 1 x Runed Fel Iron Rod) x 1
351 - 360
Enchant Gloves - Major Strength (12 x Arcane Dust, 1 x Greater Planar Essence) x 15
360 - 370
Enchant Ring - Striking (8 x Large Prismatic Shard, 24 x Arcane Dust) x 10
370 - 375
Enchant Ring - Healing Power (8 x Large Prismatic Shard, 10 x Greater Planar Essence, 20 x Arcane Dust) x 5

Overall Estimated Required Materials:
1 x Adamantite Rod
645 x Arcane Dust
1 x Arcanite Rod
1 x Black Pearl
1 x Copper Rod
20 x Crystal Vial
300 x Dream Dust
1 x Fel Iron Rod
1 x Golden Pearl
1 x Golden Rod
2 x Greater Astral Essence
8 x Greater Eternal Essence
25 x Greater Magic Essence
2 x Greater Mystic Essence
10 x Greater Nether Essence
96 x Greater Planar Essence
146 x Illusion Dust
10 x Imbued Vial
1 x Iridescent Pearl
8 x Large Brilliant Shard
128 x Large Prismatic Shards
15 x Lesser Astral Essence
15 x Lesser Magic Essence
25 x Lesser Mystic Essence
15 x Lesser Nether Essence
10 x Nightmare Vine
1 x Primal Might
40 x Purple Lotus
1 x Runed Arcanite Rod
1 x Shadowgem
1 x Silver Rod
4 x Small Brilliant Shard
90 x Soul Dust
180 x Strange Dust
1 x Truesilver Rod
170 x Vision Dust

This is a compact overview to increase your Enchanting skill. For an in-depth guide including Enchanting gold-making opportunities, please take a look at this Penn's WoW Professions guide.